week 7 quiz

Question 1
0.5 pts
Match each term with its definition/description.
Group of answer choices
Null hypothesis

[ Choose ]
failing to reject H0 when it is false
Area of the sampling distribution whose size is defined by alpha and contains the most extreme values.
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is NOT due to random chance, and the sample does NOT come from the null hypothesis population.
How large the effect of independent variable is in absolute terms
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is due to random chance, and the sample comes from the null hypothesis population.
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis is true
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis true below which one rejects the null hypothesis
probability of correctly rejecting H0
incorrectly rejecting H0 when it is true
Alternative hypothesis

[ Choose ]
failing to reject H0 when it is false
Area of the sampling distribution whose size is defined by alpha and contains the most extreme values.
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is NOT due to random chance, and the sample does NOT come from the null hypothesis population.
How large the effect of independent variable is in absolute terms
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is due to random chance, and the sample comes from the null hypothesis population.
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis is true
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis true below which one rejects the null hypothesis
probability of correctly rejecting H0
incorrectly rejecting H0 when it is true
p value

[ Choose ]
failing to reject H0 when it is false
Area of the sampling distribution whose size is defined by alpha and contains the most extreme values.
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is NOT due to random chance, and the sample does NOT come from the null hypothesis population.
How large the effect of independent variable is in absolute terms
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is due to random chance, and the sample comes from the null hypothesis population.
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis is true
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis true below which one rejects the null hypothesis
probability of correctly rejecting H0
incorrectly rejecting H0 when it is true
alpha

[ Choose ]
failing to reject H0 when it is false
Area of the sampling distribution whose size is defined by alpha and contains the most extreme values.
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is NOT due to random chance, and the sample does NOT come from the null hypothesis population.
How large the effect of independent variable is in absolute terms
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is due to random chance, and the sample comes from the null hypothesis population.
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis is true
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis true below which one rejects the null hypothesis
probability of correctly rejecting H0
incorrectly rejecting H0 when it is true
Critical Region

[ Choose ]
failing to reject H0 when it is false
Area of the sampling distribution whose size is defined by alpha and contains the most extreme values.
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is NOT due to random chance, and the sample does NOT come from the null hypothesis population.
How large the effect of independent variable is in absolute terms
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is due to random chance, and the sample comes from the null hypothesis population.
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis is true
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis true below which one rejects the null hypothesis
probability of correctly rejecting H0
incorrectly rejecting H0 when it is true
Type I error

[ Choose ]
failing to reject H0 when it is false
Area of the sampling distribution whose size is defined by alpha and contains the most extreme values.
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is NOT due to random chance, and the sample does NOT come from the null hypothesis population.
How large the effect of independent variable is in absolute terms
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is due to random chance, and the sample comes from the null hypothesis population.
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis is true
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis true below which one rejects the null hypothesis
probability of correctly rejecting H0
incorrectly rejecting H0 when it is true
Type II error

[ Choose ]
failing to reject H0 when it is false
Area of the sampling distribution whose size is defined by alpha and contains the most extreme values.
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is NOT due to random chance, and the sample does NOT come from the null hypothesis population.
How large the effect of independent variable is in absolute terms
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is due to random chance, and the sample comes from the null hypothesis population.
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis is true
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis true below which one rejects the null hypothesis
probability of correctly rejecting H0
incorrectly rejecting H0 when it is true
Effect size

[ Choose ]
failing to reject H0 when it is false
Area of the sampling distribution whose size is defined by alpha and contains the most extreme values.
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is NOT due to random chance, and the sample does NOT come from the null hypothesis population.
How large the effect of independent variable is in absolute terms
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is due to random chance, and the sample comes from the null hypothesis population.
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis is true
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis true below which one rejects the null hypothesis
probability of correctly rejecting H0
incorrectly rejecting H0 when it is true
Power

[ Choose ]
failing to reject H0 when it is false
Area of the sampling distribution whose size is defined by alpha and contains the most extreme values.
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is NOT due to random chance, and the sample does NOT come from the null hypothesis population.
How large the effect of independent variable is in absolute terms
statistical hypothesis that states that any observed difference or pattern is due to random chance, and the sample comes from the null hypothesis population.
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis is true
the probability of obtaining a sample assuming the null hypothesis true below which one rejects the null hypothesis
probability of correctly rejecting H0
incorrectly rejecting H0 when it is true

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Question 2
0.5 pts
A mean difference is said to be _____________ when it has a very small probability of occurring due to random chance, and the null hypothesis has been rejected.
Group of answer choices
Dynamic
Statistically significant
Large effect size
Scientifically proven
Important
Low on the Pearson likelihood scale

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Question 3
0.5 pts
A mean difference is said to be _____________ when it has a very small probability of occurring due to random chance, and the null hypothesis has been rejected.
Group of answer choices
Important
Large effect size
Dynamic
Scientifically proven
Low on the Pearson likelihood scale
Statistically significant

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Question 4
0.5 pts
When a one-tailed or directional test is used:
Group of answer choices
The critical region is placed inside a single tail of the distribution.
One must have an a priori hypothesis about the direction of the effect.
All of the above/below
Harking (forming a hypothesis after you’ve looked at the results) and changing to a one-tailed test when a two-tailed test wasn’t significant leads to an increase in type I errors.
An effect in the opposite of the hypothesized direction will not be considered significant.

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Question 5
0.5 pts
______________ is a measure of the magnitude of the treatment effect in terms of standard deviation
Group of answer choices
Sigmunds Tau
Omega squared
Cohen’s d
None of the above/below
Partial eta squared
R squared

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Question 6
0.5 pts
Chastity ran a hypothesis test with an alpha level of .01 and her test statistic fell outside of the critical region. What should she do?
Group of answer choices
Fail to reject / retain the null hypothesis and report the non-significant effect
All of the above/below
Accept the null hypothesis and assume that there is no effect
Reject the null hypothesis, accept the alternative hypothesis, and report a statistically significant effect.
Round her test statistic up so it is inside the critical region, reject the null hypothesis, accept the alternative hypothesis, and report a statistically significant effect.
None of the above/below

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Question 7
0.5 pts
Mohammed ran a hypothesis test with an alpha level of .05 and had a p value of .03 . What should he do?
Group of answer choices
Round his p value up so it greater than his alpha level, reject the null hypothesis, accept the alternative hypothesis, and report a statistically significant effect.
Round his p value down so it less than his alpha level, accept the null hypothesis, and assume that there is no effect
None of the above/below
Accept the null hypothesis and assume that there is no effect
Reject the null hypothesis, accept the alternative hypothesis, and report a statistically significant effect.
Fail to reject / retain the null hypothesis and report the non-significant effect

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Question 8
0.5 pts
Steven is conducting a two-tailed z-test with an alpha level of .01. His population mean is 100, and his population standard deviation is 15. The sample mean is 115 with an n of 30. What is his standard error of the mean (error margin = 0.1)?

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Question 9
0.5 pts
Steven is conducting a two-tailed z-test with an alpha level of .01. His population mean is 100, and his population standard deviation is 15. The sample mean is 115 with an n of 30. What is the absolute value of his z observed(error margin = 0.1)?

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Question 10
0.5 pts
Steven is conducting a two-tailed z-test with an alpha level of .01. His population mean is 100, and his population standard deviation is 15. The sample mean is 115 with an n of 30. What is the absolute value of his critical values (error margin = 0.02)?

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Question 11
0.5 pts
Based upon the previous two questions where: Steven is conducting a two-tailed z-test with an alpha level of .01. His population mean is 100, and his population standard deviation is 15. The sample mean is 115 with an n of 30. What should Steven do?
Group of answer choices
Round her test statistic up so it is inside the critical region, reject the null hypothesis, accept the alternative hypothesis, and report a statistically significant effect.
None of the above/below
Accept the null hypothesis and assume that there is no effect
Reject the null hypothesis, accept the alternative hypothesis, and report a statistically significant effect.
Fail to reject / retain the null hypothesis and report the non-significant effect
All of the above/below

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Question 12
0.5 pts
A one-sample t-test should be used when:
Group of answer choices
None of the above/below.
You need to determine if two variables are correlated in you sample.
You know the population mean, have only one sample, DO NOT know the population SD, and need to determine if the sample came from said population.
You know the population mean, have only one sample, know the population SD, and need to determine if the sample came from said population.
You DO NOT know the population mean, have only one sample, know the population SD and need to determine if the sample came from said population.
You DO NOT know the population mean, have two samples, don’t know the population SD and need to determine if the samples came from the same population.

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Question 13
0.5 pts
You’ve run a one-sample t-test on the IQ levels of honors students at your school using 100 as the population mean and an alpha level of .01. The observed t value was 5, the degrees of freedom were 29, and the absolute value of critical values was 2.462. Your sample mean was 115, and the lower and upper limits of your 99% confidence interval respectively were 110 and 120. Which of the following is the correct APA style reporting of this finding?
Group of answer choices
Honors students IQ scores (M=115) were significantly greater than the rest of the population (M=100), t(29)=5.0, p<.01, CI 99% [110, 120].
In our one sample t-test we found that t=5, but the absolute value of our critical values was only 2.462. Consequently, we rejected the null hypothesis and accepted the alternative.
Based upon a critical value of 2.462 and an observed test statistic of t=5, we determined that the sample of honors students (M=115, CI 99% [110, 120] was likely to come from the general population (M=100). As such we failed to reject the null hypothesis.
Honors students IQ scores (M=115) were not significantly greater than the rest of the population (M=100), t(29)=2.47, p>.05, CI [110, 120].
Based upon a critical value of 2.462 and an observed test statistic of t=5, we determined that the sample of honors students (M=115, CI 99% [110, 120] was extremely unlikely to come from the general population (M=100). As such we rejected the null hypothesis and accepted the alternative.
We rejected the null hypothesis that honors students IQ scores were sampled from the general population, t(29)=5.0, p<.05, CI 99% [110, 120], and accepted the alternative hypothesis that they come from a different population.

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Question 14
0.5 pts
If you followed up a significant one sample-test by calculating an r2 of .78, you can infer that _________.
Group of answer choices
The sampled did NOT come from the null hypothesis population and there is only a medium effect size.
The sample did NOT come from the null hypothesis population and there is a large effect size.
The sampled did come from the null hypothesis population and there is a minimal effect size
The sample did NOT come from the null hypothesis population, but there is only a small effect size
The sample did come from the null hypothesis population and there is a large effect size.
The sample did come from the null hypothesis population and the is a medium effect size

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Question 15
0.5 pts
Jessica is trying to estimate where the population mean is for how many times college students engage in binge drinking inside a single month. She randomly samples 20 students from her college and measures how many times in the last month they engaged in binge drinking. She has a mean of 2.5 with a standard deviation of 3. What is the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the population mean of college student drinking at Jessica’s college (error margin = 0.1).

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Question 16
0.5 pts
Ping is using a one sample t-test with a two tailed alpha level of .01 to determine if his sample comes from a population with a mean of 50. His sample has a mean of 49, an n of 15, and a sum of squares of 90. Based on this information what is the absolute value of his critical values (error margin = 0.1)?

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Question 17
0.5 pts
Ping is using a one sample t-test with a two tailed alpha level of .01 to determine if his sample comes from a population with a mean of 50. His sample has a mean of 49, an n of 15, and a sum of squares of 90. Based on this information what is his estimated standard error of the mean (error margin = 0.1)?

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Question 18
0.5 pts
Ping is using a one sample t-test with a two tailed alpha level of .01 to determine if his sample comes from a population with a mean of 50. His sample has a mean of 49, an n of 15, and a sum of squares of 90. Based on this information what is the absolute value of his test statistic (error margin = 0.1)?

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Question 19
0.5 pts
Ping is using a one sample t-test with a two tailed alpha level of .01 to determine if his sample comes from a population with a mean of 50. His sample has a mean of 49, an n of 15, and a sum of squares of 90. Based on this information, what should Ping do?
Group of answer choices
All of the above/below
Fail to reject the null hypothesis
Accept the null hypothesis
None of the above/below
Reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis
Reject the alternative hypothesis

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Question 20
0.5 pts
Ping is using a one sample t-test with a two tailed alpha level of .01 to determine if his sample comes from a population with a mean of 50. His sample has a mean of 49, an n of 15, and a sum of squares of 90. Based on this information, how should Ping report his results in APA style?
Group of answer choices
The null hypothesis was rejected because the observed t value, t(14)=3.8 , was within the critical region.
Based upon a critical value of 2.977 and an observed test statistic of t=7.5, we determined that the sample (M=49, CI 99% [47.1, 50.9] was extremely unlikely to come from general population (M=50). As such we rejected the null hypothesis and accepted the alternative.
Based upon a critical value of 2.977 and an observed test statistic of t=1.52, we determined that the sample (M=49; 99% CI [47.1, 50.9]) was likely to come from the general population (M=50). As such, we failed to reject the null hypothesis and retained the null.
There was a significant difference between the sample mean (M=49) and the population mean (M=50), t(14)=1.52 , p<0.5.
There was no significant difference between the sample mean (M=49) and the population mean (M=50), t(14)=1.52 , p>0.5.
The null hypothesis was retained due to the observed t value, t(15)=2.69 , not being within the critical region.

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